Laser Tattoo Removal Medical References
Citing the safety of laser tattoo removal
1) Tattoo ink darkening of a yellow tattoo after Q-switched laser treatment
Tattoo ink darkening of a yellow tattoo
Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, Volume 27 Issue 6 Page 461-463, September 2002
S. Varma, N. A. Swanson and K. K. Lee
Abstract
The mechanism by which some tattoos darken after laser treatment is not clearly understood. We review darkening of tattoos after laser treatment to raise awareness of this important complication. This paper will help to facilitate discussions with the patient and in obtaining informed consent prior t commencing treatment. Tattoo ink darkening of a yellow tattoo adds to the growing list of complications resulting from attempts at tattoo removal.
2) Laser treatment of tattoos
Laser treatment of tattoos
Clinics in Dermatology, Volume 24, Issue 1, January-February 2006, Pages 43-55
Eric F. Bernstein
Abstract
Tattooing has been around since the early beginnings of modern civilization. Modern tattoo artists use a myriad of colors to produce striking designs, resulting in permanent works of body art; however, we humans have been changing our minds since the beginning of time. Our fickle nature results in the desire to change what has been placed as a permanent reminder of a friend, spouse, or work of art. Removing tattoos began with abrasive and destructive measures to destroy the tattoo, and unfortunately, the skin it was contained in. The discovery of selective photothermolysis, the ability to selectively remove target structures without disrupting the surrounding skin, made it at least possible to remove tattoos without destroying the surrounding skin.
3) Laser treatment of tattoos in darkly pigmented patients: Efficacy and side effects
Laser treatment of tattoos in darkly pigmented patients: Efficacy and side effects
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 34, Issue 4, April 1996, Pages 653-656
Joop M. Grevelink, Daniella Duke, Robert L. van Leeuwen, Ernesto Gonzalez, Susan D. DeCoste and R. Rox Anderson
Abstract:
Many modalities for the treatment of tattoos and pigmented lesions produce a greater risk of complications in Fitzpatrick types V and VI skin because of an increased incidence of adverse pigmentary changes and keloidal scarring.
This study was conducted to determine the efficacy and effects of Q-switched lasers on a small series of darkly pigmented patients with tattoos. Four patients of Ethiopian origin with facial and neck tribal tattoos were treated with both the Q-switched ruby and Nd:YAG lasers. One black woman with a multicolored tattoo on the mid chest was treated with the Q-switched ruby laser.
Results indicate that in darkly pigmented patients, Q-switched laser treatment of tattoos can be performed successfully. The longer wavelength Q-switched Nd:YAG laser is recommended when removing tattoos in darker complected persons. A test treatment is advised before treatment of large skin areas.
4) Tattoos: dermatological complications
Tattoos: dermatological complications
Clinics in Dermatology, Volume 25, Issue 4, July-August 2007, Pages 375-382
Jana Kazandjieva and Nikolai Tsankov Available online 10 August 2007.
Abstract
From the Eskimo in Greenland to the tribes in Polynesia the whole world knows the art of tattoo. Despite their wide popularity the relation between the skin diseases and the tattooed pictures aren't studied in depth. With the appearance of professional tattoo studios, the risk of infectious complications was reduced. Simultaneously, on a global scale there has been an increase in pseudolymphoma and allergic reactions caused by the introduction of an exogenous pigment into the dermis. The results of our clinical and therapeutic research and review of literature on the subject outline the major problems related to tattoos, i.e. clinical complications. The summarized data showed infectious diseases transmitted through the process of tattooing and many allergic reactions, granulomas and tumors as complications of a tattoo.
5) Q-switched ruby laser treatment of tattoos
Q-switched ruby laser treatment of tattoos; a 9-year study
British Journal of Plastic Surgery, Volume 43, Issue 6, November 1990, Pages 663-669
W.H. Reid, I.D. Miller, M.J. Murphy, J.P. Paul and J.H. Evans
Abstract
Nine years of clinical experience of the application of the Q-switched ruby laser to the removal of tattoos is presented. This laser achieves optimal removal of blue/black amateur tattoos by its selective interaction with the dermal suspensions of pigment which constitute the tattoos. The restoration thus achieved is a considerable improvement on non-specific laser techniques whereby the laser is absorbed to a comparable degree in both pigmented and non-pigmented tissue. Long-term results are analysed and it is noted that a variety of professional tattoos may also respond to treatment. The mechanisms and appearance are discussed and correlated with short-term healing processes.
It is found that power densities in the range 1200–2800 GW/m2 are most suitable. Appropriate power levels can be witnessed by the appearance of opaque intradermal vacuoles (blisters) corresponding to the vaporization (boiling) of the tissue water surrounding the pigment suspensions.
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